Showing posts with label Large Pink Diamond. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Large Pink Diamond. Show all posts

Monday, 27 July 2026

The Art of Contrast: Why Mixing Coloured Diamonds Creates Extraordinary Jewellery

 The Importance of Colour Matching

For centuries, white diamonds have been regarded as the ultimate symbol of elegance and timeless beauty. Today, however, the world’s leading jewellery designers are embracing a more artistic approach combining white diamonds with rare coloured diamonds to create striking pieces that are as unique as they are valuable.

From delicate pink diamond halos surrounding a brilliant white centre stone to vivid yellow diamonds framed by soft pink accents, the thoughtful use of contrasting colours can transform an already beautiful diamond into an exceptional work of art.

The result is jewellery that is not only visually captivating but often far more distinctive than traditional all-white diamond designs.

Colour Creates Emotion

The human eye is naturally drawn to contrast.

Artists have understood this for centuries, using complementary colours to create depth, balance and visual impact. Jewellery designers apply the same principles when working with diamonds.

A perfectly colourless diamond surrounded by a halo of natural pink diamonds immediately appears brighter and more vibrant. The soft blush tones create warmth around the crisp white centre stone, producing a romantic and luxurious appearance that cannot be achieved with white diamonds alone.

Similarly, a rich yellow diamond surrounded by pink diamonds creates a dramatic contrast. The warmth of the yellow is enhanced by the cool undertones of the pink, allowing each colour to appear richer and more saturated.

Rather than competing with one another, the colours work together to produce greater visual intensity.

The Rise of Coloured Diamond Combinations

While coloured diamonds have always been prized by collectors, improvements in jewellery design and precision manufacturing have encouraged designers to use them in increasingly creative ways.

Some of today’s most sought-after combinations include:

  • A colourless diamond framed by a halo of natural pink diamonds.
  • Fancy Yellow diamonds surrounded by Argyle pink diamonds.
  • Fancy Intense Yellow centre stones with white diamond halos.
  • White diamonds accented with blue or champagne diamonds.
  • Pink diamonds paired with white pavĂ© settings.
  • Three-stone rings featuring contrasting diamond colours.
  • Alternating white and coloured diamonds in eternity bands.

Each combination creates its own personality, allowing jewellery to become an expression of individual style rather than simply following tradition.

Pink Diamonds: Small Stones with Extraordinary Impact

Natural pink diamonds occupy a unique position within the diamond world.

Even very small pink diamonds possess remarkable rarity, particularly those originating from Australia’s now-closed Argyle Mine. Their limited availability has made them highly desirable among collectors and designers alike.

A halo of pink diamonds surrounding a larger white diamond allows jewellers to showcase this rarity without requiring a large pink centre stone.

The effect is remarkable.

The pink diamonds add warmth and sophistication while visually enhancing the brilliance of the colourless centre diamond.

Because the halo consists of numerous carefully matched stones, the overall impression is one of richness and refinement.

Yellow Diamonds Come Alive with Contrast

More Than Beauty, A Celebration of Rarity


Yellow diamonds are among the most popular naturally coloured diamonds available today.

When used as the centrepiece of a ring, they radiate warmth and vibrancy. However, surrounding a yellow diamond with carefully selected pink diamonds introduces an entirely new dimension.

The soft pink tones gently frame the yellow centre, making its colour appear deeper and more saturated. At the same time, the yellow diamond provides a striking focal point against the delicate pink border.

Many luxury jewellery houses have embraced this combination because it creates an appearance that is simultaneously elegant, modern and unmistakably distinctive.

More Than Beauty, A Celebration of Rarity

Combining different coloured diamonds is not simply a design trend.

It is often a celebration of rarity.

Natural fancy coloured diamonds account for only a very small percentage of all diamonds recovered worldwide. Finding matching stones with similar colour intensity, clarity and size requires exceptional expertise.

Every carefully matched halo represents countless hours of diamond selection.

The more precisely the colours complement one another, the more harmonious and valuable the finished piece becomes.

The Importance of Colour Matching

Creating a successful coloured diamond design involves far more than selecting attractive stones.

Professional jewellers carefully consider:

  • Colour hue
  • Colour intensity
  • Tone
  • Saturation
  • Diamond size
  • Cut precision
  • Overall symmetry

Even slight variations between pink diamonds can affect the appearance of a halo.

Likewise, white accent diamonds must be matched for colour and brilliance to ensure they enhance rather than distract from the centre stone.

This meticulous attention to detail is what separates exceptional jewellery from ordinary jewellery.

Precious Metals Complete the Design

The choice of metal plays an equally important role.

Platinum and white gold enhance the brilliance of colourless diamonds and provide a contemporary appearance.

Yellow gold intensifies the warmth of yellow diamonds while offering a classic, timeless aesthetic.

Rose gold has become increasingly popular for pink diamond jewellery, complementing the delicate blush tones and creating a seamless flow of colour throughout the design.

Some of the most sophisticated creations combine multiple precious metals, allowing each section of the ring to highlight a different coloured diamond.

A New Era of Personal Expression

Today’s clients are increasingly seeking jewellery that reflects their individuality.

Mixing coloured diamonds allows designers to create bespoke pieces that cannot be replicated simply by increasing diamond size or carat weight.

Whether choosing a white diamond embraced by a halo of rare pink diamonds or a radiant yellow diamond accented with white and pink stones, these combinations create jewellery that tells a story through colour, contrast and craftsmanship.

Beauty Enhanced by Contrast

The finest jewellery is rarely about excess it is about balance.

The careful pairing of white, pink and yellow diamonds demonstrates how contrast can enhance brilliance, intensify colour and elevate an already beautiful design into something truly extraordinary.

As coloured diamonds continue to capture the imagination of collectors and jewellery lovers around the world, their thoughtful combination with traditional white diamonds is redefining modern luxury.

When selected with care and expertly matched, contrasting diamond colours do more than create visual impact they create timeless pieces whose beauty lies not only in the rarity of the individual diamonds, but in the harmony they achieve together.

Source: DCLA

Thursday, 14 May 2026

6.03 Carat Internally Flawless Blue Diamond Unsold at Major Geneva Auction

 

Rare 6.03 Carat Vivid Blue Diamond Fails to Sell at Sotheby’s Geneva Despite $12 Million Estimate

A rare 6.03 carat fancy vivid blue internally flawless diamond failed to secure a buyer at the recent Sotheby’s Geneva High Jewelry Sale, despite carrying a pre sale estimate between USD $9 million and $12 million. The exceptional blue diamond was the headline lot of the May 12 auction held at the Mandarin Oriental in Geneva.

matched pair of unmounted diamonds, each weighing 18.38 carats. Both diamonds were graded Type IIa and D colour


Although the blue diamond remained unsold, the auction itself was considered a strong success, achieving more than USD $30 million in total sales with 93% of lots sold. Sotheby’s reported its highest participation levels in a Geneva jewellery sale in more than five years, with an average of more than five bidders competing for each sold lot.

Collectors from over 30 countries participated in the auction, with strong interest from buyers across the United States, Asia, Europe and the United Kingdom. Fancy coloured diamonds, important gemstones and signed vintage jewellery continued to dominate buyer demand.

According to Jessica Wyndham, Head of High Jewelry at Sotheby’s Geneva, collector appetite for coloured gemstones remains exceptionally strong, while white diamonds are also experiencing renewed demand. Signed jewellery from iconic maisons, particularly bold 1970s and 1980s designs from Bulgari, significantly exceeded expectations during the sale.

The top performing lot of the auction was a perfectly matched pair of unmounted diamonds, each weighing 18.38 carats. Both diamonds were graded Type IIa and D colour, with one graded flawless and the other internally flawless. The pair sold for more than USD $3.2 million. The diamonds were sourced by De Beers from Botswana’s renowned Jwaneng Mine as part of a collaboration with Sotheby’s showcasing exceptional provenance diamonds.

the “Peacock of Ceylon,” a remarkable 102.4 carat unheated cushion cut sapphire

Another standout lot was the “Peacock of Ceylon,” a remarkable 102.4 carat unheated cushion cut sapphire, which achieved nearly USD $2 million at auction.

4.12 carat pear shaped fancy pink internally flawless diamond

A further highlight included a 4.12 carat pear shaped fancy pink internally flawless diamond ring, which sold for USD $1.4 million. The Type IIa diamond, graded by the Gemological Institute of America, featured excellent polish and was mounted between tapered baguette diamond shoulders.

The failure of the vivid blue diamond to sell highlights the increasingly selective nature of today’s high end gemstone market, where rarity alone is no longer enough to guarantee a record result.

Source: DCLA

Wednesday, 8 April 2026

World Diamond Day: The Most Valuable Diamonds Ever Sold at Auction

In recognition of World Diamond Day, we reflect on some of the most extraordinary diamonds ever offered at auction stones that not only achieved record-breaking prices but also represent the pinnacle of rarity, craftsmanship, and natural beauty.

Established by the Natural Diamond Council, World Diamond Day celebrates the enduring significance of natural diamonds, highlighting their provenance, emotional value, and the moments they commemorate. It is also an opportunity to examine the exceptional stones that continue to define the upper limits of the global diamond market.

Below is a selection of some of the most important diamonds ever sold at auction.


The CTF Pink Star

CTF Pink Star

The CTF Pink Star remains the most expensive diamond ever sold at auction. This 59.60 carat oval-shaped, fancy vivid pink diamond achieved US$71.2 million at Sotheby’s Hong Kong in 2017.

Internally flawless and cut from a 132.5 carat rough discovered in 1999, the stone required over two years of meticulous planning and craftsmanship to realise its final form. It was acquired by Chow Tai Fook, setting a benchmark for coloured diamonds globally.


The Williamson Pink Star

The Williamson Pink Star

Achieving US$57.7 million in 2022, this 11.15 carat cushion-cut fancy vivid pink diamond is among the finest ever graded.

Originating from a 32.32 carat rough from Tanzania’s Williamson mine, it was classified as internally flawless by the Gemological Institute of America, placing it among the rarest gemstones known.


The Oppenheimer Blue

The Oppenheimer Blue

This 14.62 carat emerald-cut vivid blue diamond sold for US$57.5 million at Christie’s Geneva in 2016.

Named after its former owner, Sir Philip Oppenheimer, the diamond drew intense global attention and was ultimately secured after a competitive international bidding process.


The Blue Moon of Josephine

The Blue Moon of Josephine

Cut from a 29.62 carat rough discovered in South Africa in 2014, this 12.03 carat fancy vivid blue diamond achieved US$48.4 million at Sotheby’s Hong Kong in 2015.

Purchased by Hong Kong collector Joseph Lau, it was renamed in honour of his daughter, further cementing its place in modern diamond history.


The Graff Pink

The Graff Pink

This 24.78 carat fancy intense pink diamond sold for over US$46 million at Sotheby’s Geneva in 2010.

Acquired by Laurence Graff, the stone had not appeared on the market for more than 60 years prior to its sale, adding to its provenance and desirability.


The Princie Diamond

The Princie Diamond

Selling for US$39.3 million at Christie’s New York in 2013, the Princie Diamond carries remarkable historical significance.

Originating from India’s famed Golconda mines and once owned by the Nizams of Hyderabad, the diamond reflects the rich heritage of some of the world’s most celebrated diamond sources.


The The Orange

The The Orange

Weighing 14.82 carats, this pear-shaped fancy vivid orange diamond remains the largest of its kind ever recorded.

It achieved US$35.5 million at Christie’s Geneva in 2013, significantly exceeding pre-sale expectations and reinforcing the rarity of orange diamonds.


The Magnificent Oval Diamond

The Magnificent Oval Diamond

One of the largest D-colour flawless diamonds ever to appear at auction, this 118.28 carat oval-cut stone sold for US$30.8 million at Sotheby’s Hong Kong in 2013.

Its exceptional colour and clarity grading underscore the importance of strict laboratory standards in determining value—an area where independent certification remains critical.


A Reflection on Rarity and Value

These diamonds are more than record-breaking assets—they are geological miracles shaped over billions of years and refined through exceptional human skill. Their value lies not only in carat weight or colour grading, but in rarity, provenance, and the precision of their cutting and certification.

As World Diamond Day highlights, natural diamonds continue to occupy a unique position in both the luxury and investment landscape. For laboratories such as the Diamond Certification Laboratory of Australia, the role of accurate and independent grading remains fundamental in preserving confidence and transparency within the global diamond market.

Source: DCLA

Thursday, 18 December 2025

3.63-ct “Salt and Pepper” Pink Fails to Sell

3.63-carat fancy vivid purple-pink diamond

The highlight of Sotheby’s Fine Jewelry sale in New York – a rare 3.63-carat fancy vivid purple-pink diamond failed to find a buyer.

The unmounted, cut-cornered rectangular modified brilliant-cut stone carried a pre-auction estimate of $1m to $1.5m , reflecting both its unusual color and its potential appeal to collectors.

But bidding at the auction, on 11 December, stalled below the consignor’s undisclosed reserve, leaving the stone unsold.

Market observers suggested that bidders were likely deterred by the diamond’s noticeable “salt and pepper” inclusions, which significantly affected its clarity.

The Gemological Institute of America (GIA) graded the stone as I2 clarity, raising concerns about transparency and overall visual appeal.

Observers say buyers in today’s cautious high-end market are increasingly unwilling to compromise on clarity, particularly for unmounted stones, where inclusions are more apparent, even when the color is considered rare and desirable.

Source: DCLA

Thursday, 16 October 2025

$20 Million ‘Glowing Rose’ Pink Diamond to Headline Sotheby’s Geneva Auction

10.08-carat fancy vivid pink diamond ring, named The Glowing Rose

A rare 10.08-carat fancy vivid pink diamond ring, named The Glowing Rose, is set to take centre stage at Sotheby’s upcoming High Jewellery sale in Geneva on 12 November. Expected to achieve around USD 20 million, the stone represents one of the most important pink diamonds to reach the auction block in recent years.

This exceptional cushion brilliant-cut diamond crafted by luxury jeweller Boodles originates from a 21-carat rough unearthed in Angola in 2023. Its vivid, pure pink hue and balanced proportions exemplify the rarest qualities of natural fancy coloured diamonds. According to Sotheby’s, it is only the third cushion cut vivid pink diamond over 10 carats to appear at auction within the past decade.

The cushion cut, recently popularised by Taylor Swift’s engagement ring, has become increasingly sought after among collectors for its romantic and timeless appeal.

Sotheby’s has a strong record of achieving exceptional results for vivid pink diamonds. In 2022, the auction house sold the Williamson Pink Star an 11.15 carat, fancy vivid pink, internally flawless diamond for USD 57.7 million in Hong Kong. The following year, a 10.57 carat vivid purplish-pink diamond fetched USD 34.8 million in New York. Earlier this year, Sotheby’s Geneva achieved USD 21.5 million for the Mediterranean Blue, a 10.03-carat fancy vivid blue diamond.

“With the continued global demand for rare coloured diamonds, we are delighted to present The Glowing Rose,” said Jessica Wyndham, Head of High Jewellery at Sotheby’s Geneva. “Following the remarkable success of the Mediterranean Blue, this sale offers collectors another extraordinary opportunity to acquire a truly exceptional gem.”

Before its appearance in Geneva, The Glowing Rose will be showcased in Singapore and Taipei, giving collectors and connoisseurs a preview of one of the year’s most significant pink diamonds.

DCLA notes that fancy vivid pink diamonds remain among the most coveted and valuable gems in the world, combining extraordinary rarity with strong global demand from collectors and investors alike.

Thursday, 4 September 2025

Lucara Recovers Rare 37-Carat Pink Diamond from Karowe

37-Carat Pink Diamond from Karowe

Lucara Diamond Corp. has announced the recovery of a rare and unusual pink diamond from its Karowe mine in Botswana.

The 37.42-carat stone, classified as a Type IIa, was unearthed in August and is described as near-gem quality with a distinctive bicoloured appearance. While the majority of the diamond displays an intense pink hue, part of the stone appears partially colourless an exceptionally rare feature.

HB Antwerp, Lucara’s cutting and technology partner, described the discovery as “a rare and remarkable find.” Oded Mansori, co-founder of HB Antwerp, noted:
“This stone has the potential to become one of the most important pink diamonds ever polished. Its intensely rich coloration is a testament to the geological uniqueness of the Karowe mine, and our expertise in the manufacturing process will ensure its vibrant colour is maximised.”

The recovery underscores Karowe’s reputation as a consistent source of exceptional diamonds. Also in August, Lucara recovered a 1,019.85-carat non-gem-quality diamond, the third stone of more than 1,000 carats to be found at Karowe in 2025. This brings the total number of diamonds over 1,000 carats from the mine to nine.

Both diamonds were recovered from the EM/PK(S) section of the deposit using Lucara’s Mega Diamond Recovery (MDR) unit, an advanced X-ray transmission system installed in 2017 to identify and preserve large stones. The MDR is credited with detecting several of Karowe’s most significant recoveries, including the 2,492-carat diamond discovered in August 2024—the second-largest rough diamond ever found.

Meanwhile, Lucara has announced a $10 million drawdown from its $63 million standby loan facility with Nemesia, its largest shareholder, to address short-term funding needs for the Karowe underground expansion project. The $683 million project, now scheduled for completion in the first half of 2028, is expected to extend the mine’s life to at least 2040.

Lucara President and CEO William Lamb said the arrangement reflects the company’s commitment to financial prudence while advancing the underground project.
“This funding mechanism demonstrates the continued confidence and support of our major shareholders in Lucara’s long-term strategy and in the exceptional value potential of the Karowe mine, including the ongoing recovery of some of the world’s most significant diamonds.”

Source: DCLA

Wednesday, 3 September 2025

Sotheby’s to Sell 31.86 carat Pink Diamond in Abu Dhabi

Desert Rose 31.86 carat Pink Diamond

Sotheby’s is to offer for sale the largest fancy vivid orangy pink diamond ever graded, at a debut event in Abu Dhabi in December.

The pear-shaped gem, known as the Desert Rose, weighs 31.86 carats and is expected to fetch $5m to $7m.

It is the jewelry highlight of Sotheby’s inaugural Abu Dhabi Collectors’ Week of exhibitions, sales, masterclasses and panel discussions.

The Desert Rose is part of a single-owner collection of watches and jewelry, including vintage and contemporary signed pieces, that is estimated to raise more than $20m in total.

Among the watch highlights is an exceptionally rare Rolex “Oyster Albino” Daytona, reference 6263, produced in the late 1960s and early 1970s, with an estimate of $500,000 to $1m.

Abu Dhabi Collectors’ Week takes place from 2 – 5 December on Saadiyat Island, just off the Abu Dhabi coast.

It coincides with the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix and features auctions of collector cars, real estate, and international fine art exhibitions.

Source: DCL

Tuesday, 8 April 2025

See The World’s Rarest Diamonds, Worth a Total of $100 million, in Abu Dhabi

All together, the spectacular diamonds are worth around $100 million

Sotheby’s, in partnership with the Abu Dhabi Investment Office, is exhibiting extremely rare coloured diamonds at Bassam Freiha Art Foundation this week, in the biggest showcase of diamonds outside of the Smithsonian Museum in Washington DC.

All together, the spectacular diamonds are worth around $100 million. The largest flawless diamond in the world, the largest vivid orangey pink diamond ever graded, the second largest red diamond known to exist and several diamonds over 100 carats are included in the collection, which will be available for public view this Wednesday, April 9 and Thursday, April 10.

See The World's Rarest Diamonds Worth a Total of 100 million at Sotheby's Abu Dhabi

“The exhibition is incredibly exciting for the simple reason that to purely just have eight diamonds of this calibre in the same room is something that is worthy of one of the great museums in the world, and I can’t imagine that we will ever see this array together again,” says Paul Redmayne, Sotheby’s senior vice president for luxury private sales. “It is definitely a career highlight for me to see these stunning gemstones side by side, and I look forward to no doubt witnessing many a jaw drop as the public come through the doors.”

The star of the showcase is none other than The Mediterranean Blue. Weighing 10.03 carats, this Fancy Vivid Blue rarity has earned the highest GIA colour grading and a coveted Type IIb classification, an elite status held by less than 0.5 per cent of diamonds. Its cushion cut intensifies its liquid-like saturation, an electrifying depth that feels almost surreal. With an estimated value of $20 million, The Mediterranean Blue will be the highlight of Sotheby’s High Jewellery Sale on May 13 in Geneva.

See The World's Rarest Diamonds Worth a Total of 100 million at Sotheby's Abu Dhabi

“The Mediterranean Blue diamond on its own is an incredibly rare stone, and ticks so many of the boxes that you could look for: it is a connoisseur’s diamond, whilst also being infinitely wearable,” shares Redmayne. “The depth of the blue is unrivalled, and even to someone who knows nothing about diamonds, it’s clear to see what makes it so special.”

The diamond is a timeless symbol of love, power, beauty and status – but a captivating collection of this stature is awe-inspiring at an entirely different level; a once-in-a-lifetime experience in the UAE’s capital city, which Redmayne says marks an incredibly exciting moment in the city’s history. “This project further enriches the dynamic landscape of Abu Dhabi for both collectors and the general public,” he says.

Source: voguearabia

Wednesday, 22 January 2025

Petra’s entire interest in Williamson headed for Tanzania’s Pink Diamonds

Tanzania's Pink Diamonds.

An agreement has been entered into for the outright sale of Williamson Diamonds Limited, Petra Diamonds announced on Wednesday.

The London-listed and South Africa-active Petra is taking steps to sell its entire shareholding in the Tanzanian entity to Pink Diamonds Investments for a headline consideration of up to $16-million.

This follows Petra’s sale in May of just under half of the asset, in which the Tanzanian government has a stake, for $15-million via long-term technical services contractor Taifa Mining.

Since then, Williamson’s coming under consolidated ownership has emerged increasingly as the preferred way forward.

As a Taifa affiliate, Pink Diamonds is viewed by Petra CEO Richard Duffy as possessing the technical and financial capability to conduct operations in a responsible manner for all stakeholders.

As a wholly Tanzanian-owned company with more than three decades of mining-related experience, Taifa’s working relationships extend to mining majors such as De Beers, Barrick and AngloGold Ashanti. It is now entering a phase of exclusive ownership of the asset where about 1 100 people are employed, most of them Tanzanian.

The mine’s reserves and resources as of June 30 were reported as 37.17-million carats. With liquidity challenges continuing, further capital investment will be required.

“We look forward to working closely with the Mining Commission, the Fair Competition Commission, employees, community representatives and other key stakeholders in completing the sale as soon as possible,” Duffy stated in a stock exchange announcement accessed by Mining Weekly.

In South Africa, Petra operates the Cullinan diamond mine in Gauteng and the Finsch diamond mine in the Northern Cape.

“We’re committed to adopting and adhering to the latest internationally recognised standards throughout all aspects of our business,” said Pink Diamonds chairperson Rostam Azizi, whose family are from the area around Mwadui, the other name for the Williamson mine, which is situated 23 km north-east of Shinyanga in northern Tanzania.

Mining Weekly can report that the discovery of the kimberlite pipe by Canadian geologist John Williamson in 1940 led to ongoing operation since then, making it one of the world’s oldest continuous operating diamond mines. Its yield of 19-million-plus diamond carats includes the 54.5 ct Williamson pink diamond presented to British royalty in 1947.

Source: DCLA

Wednesday, 4 September 2024

Perth Mint continues luxury diamond coin series with turtle

Each Jewelled Turtle coin is a Proof 10 ounce .9999 fine gold $2,500 denominated coin

The Perth Mint continues its Jewelled series of coins with a 10 ounce gold Jewelled Turtle coin with a mintage of eight coins.

And it comes with a price tag of $269,000 Australian ($182,229 U.S.).

This is the seventh release in the Jewelled series. It features a handset rare trademarked Argyle Pink Diamond and lustrous white diamonds that form the head and limbs of the three dimensional 18 karat gold turtle.

Each Jewelled Turtle coin is a Proof 10 ounce .9999 fine gold $2,500 denominated coin, with the centerpiece the 18-karat gold sea turtle surrounded by depictions of coral and dory fish.

The turtle’s head and limbs are embellished with 52 white diamonds, and two emeralds for its eyes. Additional white diamonds are set in a ribbon shaped line symbolizing the sea surface, with an Argyle Pink Diamond set at the heart of a stylized sun.

The Jewelled Series is developed each year in association with John Glajz, a Singapore based Argyle Pink Diamonds Icon Partner.

Each Jewelled Turtle coin is presented in a luxury display case adorned with 18 karat gold furnishings and inset with two Argyle Pink Diamond.

For the first time in the series, the coin bears the Dan Thorne effigy of King Charles III, as well as the P125 privy mark for the Perth Mint’s 125th anniversary.

Source: Coinworld

Natural or Laboratory-Grown? How Can You Tell What Diamond Is in Your Ring?

  Buying a diamond is a significant investment, and for many people, understanding exactly what they own is just as important as the beauty ...